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- $Unique_ID{BRK04173}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Renal Glycosuria}
- $Subject{Renal Glycosuria Renal Glucosuria Primary Renal Glycosuria Congenital
- Renal Glycosuria Diabetes, True Renal Diabetes Mellitus Fanconi's Syndrome
- Hypophosphatemic Rickets }
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1989 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 685:
- Renal Glycosuria
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible that the main title of the article (Renal Glycosuria) is
- not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYM listing to find the
- alternate names and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Renal Glucosuria
- Primary Renal Glycosuria
- Congenital Renal Glycosuria
- Diabetes, True Renal
-
- Information on the following diseases can be found in the Related
- Disorders section of this report:
-
- Diabetes Mellitus
- Fanconi's Syndrome
- Hypophosphatemic Rickets
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
- Renal Glycosuria is a rare metabolic disorder in which the body excretes
- abnormal amounts of sugar into the urine. One type of renal glycosuria may
- be related to defects of the renal (kidney) tubes that cause an excess of
- amino acids (aminoaciduria) and an accumulation of acids (acidosis). Blood
- sugar levels are usually low or within normal limits despite high levels of
- glucose in the urine. In most cases symptoms can be controlled with a proper
- diet.
-
- Symptoms
-
- There are two types of Renal Glycosuria. Primary Renal Glycosuria is a
- separate disorder that occurs without any apparent functional or structural
- abnormalities of the kidney. It tends to occur in pregnant women and
- disappears after childbirth. Congenital Renal Glycosuria is a rare inherited
- disorder characterized by the intestines' inability to absorb glucose (sugar)
- and galactose (milk-sugar), and an excessive amount of sugar in the urine.
- It is present at birth and may cause severe diarrhea. Since the primary
- symptom of Renal Glycosuria is excessive amounts of sugar in the urine, other
- diagnostic testing such as a Fasting Blood Sugar Test and a Glucose Oxidase
- Test must be done to differentiate this disorder from Diabetes Mellitus.
-
- Causes
-
- The exact cause of Renal Glycosuria is unknown. It is known to be a metabolic
- disorder, believed to be inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. Some
- scientists believe it may precede the onset of Diabetes Mellitus, but this
- has not been proven.
-
- Human traits, including the classic genetic diseases, are the product of
- the interaction of 2 genes for that condition, one received from the father
- and one from the mother. In recessive disorders, the condition does not
- appear unless a person inherits the same defective gene for the same trait
- from each parent. If one receives one normal gene and one gene for the
- disease, the person will be the carrier for the disease, but usually will
- show no symptoms. The risk of transmitting the disease to the children of a
- couple, both of whom are carriers for a recessive disorder, is twenty-five
- per cent. Fifty per cent of their children will be carriers, but healthy as
- described above. Twenty-five percent of their children will receive both
- normal genes, one from each parent and will be genetically normal.
-
- Affected Population
-
- Glycosuria is a very rare disorder that affects males and females in equal
- numbers. There is a higher incidence of the disorder in women during
- pregnancy, with the symptoms subsiding after delivery. Some patients with
- severe renal (kidney) failure, will also have Renal Glycosuria.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Symptoms of the following disorders can be similar to those of Renal
- Glycosuria. Comparisons may be useful for a differential diagnosis:
-
- Diabetes Mellitus is a common disorder in which the body does not produce
- enough insulin and is, therefore, unable to convert nutrients into the energy
- necessary for daily activity. Abnormal levels of sugar appear in the blood
- and urine. The disorder affects females and males approximately equally.
- Although the causes of diabetes mellitus are not known, genetic factors seem
- to play a role. (For more information on this disorder, choose "Diabetes" as
- your search term in the Rare Disease Database).
-
- Fanconi's Syndrome usually accompanies some other disease, most commonly
- the inherited metabolic disease, cystinosis. It is characterized by abnormal
- renal proximal tubular function, particularly defective reabsorption of
- glucose, phosphates, amino acids, bicarbonate, water, potassium and sodium.
- The Fanconi Syndrome may result from drug toxicity, renal transplantation,
- multiple myeloma and other malignancies, amyloidosis, certain other
- hereditary amino acid syndromes, and certain toxins. (For more information
- on these disorders, choose "Fanconi" and "Cystinosis" as your search term in
- the Rare Disease Database).
-
- Hypophosphatemic Rickets (Phosphate Diabetes), is a rare genetic form of
- Rickets characterized by impaired transport of phosphate in the body,
- combined with diminished Vitamin-D metabolism in the kidneys. Additionally,
- calcium and phosphate are not absorbed properly in the intestines which can
- lead to softening of the bones. Major symptoms include skeletal changes,
- weakness and slowed growth. Cases affecting females are usually less severe
- than those affecting males. One rare acquired form of this disorder may be
- associated with a benign tumor. (For more information on this disorder,
- choose "Hyophosphatasia" as your search term in the Rare Disease Database).
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Since Renal Glycosuria is a not a progressive disorder, treatment may not be
- necessary. Since patients may lose an excessive amount of sugar with this
- disorder, fasting should be avoided since in theory it could lead to
- abnormally low blood sugar levels (hypoglycemia). Infants with Renal
- Glycosuria who have severe diarrhea must be treated with appropriate
- medications to avoid dehydration. Genetic counseling may be of benefit for
- patients and their families. Other treatment is symptomatic and supportive.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- August 1989. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep
- every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate.
- Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most
- current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Renal Glycosuria, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- National Kidney Foundation
- 2 Park Avenue
- New York, NY 10016
- (212) 889-2210
- (800) 622-9010
-
- American Kidney Fund
- 6110 Executive Blvd., Suite 1010
- Rockville, MD 20852
- (800) 638-8299
- (800) 492-8361 (In MD)
- (301) 881-3052
-
- National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse
- Box NDDIC
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301)468-6344
-
- For genetic information and genetic counseling referrals:
-
- March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
- 1275 Mamaroneck Avenue
- White Plains, NY 10605
- (914) 428-7100
-
- Alliance of Genetic Support Groups
- 35 Wisconsin Circle, Suite 440
- Chevy Chase, MD 20815
- (800) 336-GENE
- (301) 652-5553
-
- References
-
- MENDELIAN INHERITANCE IN MAN, 8th ed.: Victor A. McKusick; Johns Hopkins
- University Press, 1986. Pp. 971.
-
- THE METABOLIC BASIS OF INHERITED DISEASE, 5th Ed.: John B. Stanbury, et
- al., eds.; McGraw Hill, 1983. Pp. 1806.
-
- INTERNAL MEDICINE, 2nd Ed.: Jay H. Stein, ed.-in-chief; Little, Brown
- and Co., 1987. Pp. 880-881.
-
- THE MERCK MANUAL, Volume 2, 14th Ed.: Robert Berkow, M.D. ed.-in-chief;
- Merck, Sharp & Dohme Laboratories., 1982. Pp. 1047.
-
- COMPLETE ABSENCE OF TUBULAR GLUCOSE REABSORPTION; A NEW TYPE OF RENAL
- GLUCOSURIA. B.S. Oemar et al.; CLIN NEPHROL, (March 1987; 27(3)). Pp. 156-
- 160.
-
-